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【職場心理學】不敢掙脫枷鎖的小象
30 Nov 2016

即使你未看過馬戲,相信已會見過大象被馴獸師,用一條繩子綁在樹上的畫面。你或許會納悶,大象力氣這麼大,只要輕輕用力就能掙脫繩子,為甚麼牠們會甘心被綁呢?這就是心理學上的「小象效應」(Baby Elephant Syndrome)了。

網上圖片
網上圖片

馴獸師為防小象逃走,用繩子把牠綁在木樁上。雖然小象會掙扎,但牠的力氣小,無法擺脫那條繩子,隨着時間漸漸過去,小象長大為大象,但牠卻意識到自己一定沒有力氣掙脫繩子,結果就不再考慮逃走,唯有乖乖認命了。

網上圖片
網上圖片

在職場亦有這種「小象效應」,如果你在工作上有很多好點子,但經常遭到上司拒絕,你會感到被綁手綁腳,能力無從發揮,亦不會再積極工作、構思好點子了。這對公司和個人來說都不是好事。

如果你是管理者,亦可能面對「小象效應」。例如每次當你向下屬發號施令,總有一、兩名下屬拒絕合作,當你與這些麻煩下屬「交戰」幾個回合,都未能令他們聽從,你可能會懷疑自己的能力和權威,就好像被綁在樹上的小象一樣,遇到挫折就把躲在「木樁」周圍,束縛自己的手腳,任由下屬say no。管理者不能讓下屬聽話,以後就很難展開工作。所以,俗語講得對,「新官上任三把火」,讓自己成為不甘於受綁的大象,不能讓自己失敗。

網上圖片
網上圖片

當然,如果強硬要求下屬聽命,很可能會觸發反抗情緒,最終兩敗俱傷。另一個解決方法是「狐假虎威」,暫時借用高層支持,請公司高層出面,為你省去很多麻煩,當然這只是權宜之計,最好還是你能夠成長為大象,否則「老虎」也不能幫你太久。

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